Egg donation or donacion ovulos is a process in which a woman donates one or multiple eggs to help another woman fertilize and reproduce.Egg donation is very helpful for women who are facing fertility issues and who have not been able to conceive despite repeated attempts.A procedure known as “In Vitro Fertilization”, abbreviated as IVF, is a part of egg donation process.Egg donation can bring an end to fertility problems resulting due to age, ovarian surgical or other issues, decline in ovarian reserve, genetic disease, etc.However, presence of healthy uterus and sperm is essential for effective egg donation.
In many countries, egg donation is considered to be a sensitive issue.There are some countries in which egg donation is prohibited, although most countries have granted approval in these times.There are religious views as well health concerns to be taken into account while deciding upon the legality of egg donation.Parents are required to draft legal documents and attorney contracts in some countries like US to confirm legal parental rights over the offspring that results from egg donation process.Certain legal documents are also signed by the egg donor indicating that she cannot claim any ownership over the child that results from egg donation.
Primarily, egg donors can be classified into three categories.Designated donors constitute the first category. These are women, who are genuinely interested in helping out their relatives or close friends.Donors who are only motivated by money from the second category.The receiver or IVF agency has to pay money to such women in exchange for their eggs.The third category of donors is those who participate in shared oocyte programs.These are women who possess awareness of the IVF technology and are willing to donate their unused eggs to women who need them.Here, the recipient women take up the overall cost of the IVF process.
Egg donation or IVF technique is not simple to administer.For any recipient, a series of complex medical tests is required even if a donor woman is easily available.However, successful results have been achieved by egg donation technique.The success ratio is as high as 60% to 80% in carefully administered environments.
It should be noted that egg donation or donacion ovulos comes with certain risks for both the donor as well as the recipient.The donor is exposed to risks such as bleeding, hormonal reaction, and in extremely rare cases liver failure.On the other hand, the recipient carries the risk of getting infected with transmissible diseases such as HIV.This is the reason the donor has to undergo complete medical testing 30 days prior to the egg donation process.